Logical Deduction - Section 1 (4)
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- Logical Deduction - Section 1
In each question below are given two statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the given two statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read the conclusion and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the two given statements, disregarding commonly known facts.
Give answer:
- (A) If only conclusion I follows
- (B) If only conclusion II follows
- (C) If either I or II follows
- (D) If neither I nor II follows and
- (E) If both I and II follow.
| 25. |
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Answer: Option A Explanation: Since both the premises are universal and one premise is negative, the conclusion must be universal negative and should not contain the middle term. So, only I follows. |
| 26. | Statements: Some men are educated. Educated persons prefer small families. Conclusions: 1.All small families are educated. 2.Some men prefer small families. |
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Answer: Option B Explanation: Since one premise is particular, the conclusion must be particular and should not contain the middle term. Thus, only II follows. |
| 27. |
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Answer: Option E Explanation: Since both premises are particular, no definite conclusion follows. However, I is the converse of second premise, while II is the converse of the first premise. So, both of them hold. |
| 28. | Statements: All birds are tall. Some tall are hens. Conclusions: 1.Some birds are hens. 2.Some hens are tall. |
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Answer: Option B Explanation: Since the middle term 'tall' is not distributed even once in the premises, no definite conclusion follows. However, II is the converse of the second premise and so it holds. |
| 29. | Statements: Some papers are pens. Angle is a paper. Conclusions: 1.Angle is not a pen. 2.Angle is a pen. |
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Answer: Option C Explanation: Since the middle term 'papers' is not distributed even once in the premises, no definite conclusion follows. However, I and II involve only the extreme terms and form a complementary pair. Thus, either I or II follows. |
| 30. | Statements: Many scooters are trucks. All trucks are trains. Conclusions: 1.Some scooters are trains. 2.No truck is a scooter. |
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Answer: Option A Explanation: Since the first premise is particular, the conclusion must be particular and should not contain the middle term. Thus, only I follows. |
| 31. |
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Answer: Option D Explanation: Clearly, the term 'guns' is distributed in both the conclusions without being distributed in any of the premises. So, neither conclusion follows.
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| 32. | Statements: All jungles are tigers. Some tigers are horses. Conclusions: 1.Some horses are jungles. 2.No horse is jungle. |
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Answer: Option C Explanation: Since the middle term 'tigers' is not distributed even once in the premises, no definite conclusion follows. However, I and II involve only the extreme terms and form a complementary pair. So, either I or II follows. |