Logical Reasoning Test (Random Questions)

Logical Reasoning Test (Random Questions) - Logical Reasoning

Instruction:

This is a FREE online test. DO NOT pay money to anyone to attend this test.
Total number of questions : 20.
Time alloted : 30 minutes.
Each question carry 1 mark, no negative marks.
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All the best :-).

Direction (for Q.No. 1):

In each question below are given two statements followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to take the given two statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Read the conclusion and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the two given statements, disregarding commonly known facts.

Give answer:

(A) If only conclusion I follows
(B) If only conclusion II follows
(C) If either I or II follows
(D) If neither I nor II follows and
(E) If both I and II follow.

Statements: Some dedicated souls are angels. All social workers are angels.

Conclusions:

1.Some dedicated souls are social workers.

2.Some social workers are dedicated souls.

	A.	Only conclusion I follows
	B.	Only conclusion II follows
	C.	Either I or II follows
	D.	Neither I nor II follows
	E.	Both I and II follow

Your Answer: Option

Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:

The first premise is an I type proposition. So, the middle term 'angels' forming the predicate is not distributed. The second premise is an A type proposition. So, the middle term 'angels' forming the predicate is not distributed. Since the middle term is not distributed even once in the premises, no definite conclusion follows.

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Direction (for Q.No. 2):

Each problem consists of three statements. Based on the first two statements, the third statement may be true, false, or uncertain.

The hotel is two blocks east of the drugstore.
The market is one block west of the hotel.
The drugstore is west of the market.
If the first two statements are true, the third statement is

	A.	true
	B.	false
	C.	uncertain

Your Answer: Option

Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:

The market is one block west of the hotel. The drugstore is two blocks west of the hotel, so the drugstore is west of the market.

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Direction (for Q.No. 3):

In each question below is given a statement followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. You have to assume everything in the statement to be true, then consider the two conclusions together and decide which of them logically follows beyond a reasonable doubt from the information given in the statement.

Give answer:

(A) If only conclusion I follows
(B) If only conclusion II follows
(C) If either I or II follows
(D) If neither I nor II follows and
(E) If both I and II follow.

Statements: A bird in hand is worth two in the bush.

Conclusions:

We should be content with what we have.
We should not crave for what is not.

	A.	Only conclusion I follows
	B.	Only conclusion II follows
	C.	Either I or II follows
	D.	Neither I nor II follows
	E.	Both I and II follow

Your Answer: Option

Correct Answer: Option E

Explanation:

Both the given conclusions clearly bring out the central theme of the proverb given in the statement. So, both I and II follow.

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Direction (for Q.No. 4):

In each question below is given a statement followed by two courses of action numbered I and II. You have to assume everything in the statement to be true and on the basis of the information given in the statement, decide which of the suggested courses of action logically follow(s) for pursuing.

Give answer

(A) If only I follows
(B) If only II follows
(C) If either I or II follows
(D) If neither I nor II follows
(E) If both I and II follow.

Statement: Since its launching in 1981, Vayudoot has so far accumulated losses amounting to Rs 153 crore.

Courses of Action:

Vayudoot should be directed to reduce wasteful expenditure and to increase passenger fare.

An amount of about Rs 300 crore should be provided to Vayudoot to make the airliner economically viable.

	A.	Only I follows
	B.	Only II follows
	C.	Either I or II follows
	D.	Neither I nor II follows
	E.	Both I and II follow

Your Answer: Option

Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:

Clearly, for better economic gain, losses should be reduced and income increased. So, only course I follows.

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Direction (for Q.No. 5):

In each of the following questions, two statements numbered I and II are given. There may be cause and effect relationship between the two statements. These two statements may be the effect of the same cause or independent causes. These statements may be independent causes without having any relationship. Read both the statements in each question and mark your answer as

(A) If statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect;
(B) If statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect;
(C) If both the statements I and II are independent causes;
(D) If both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes; and
(E) If both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.

The performance of most of the students in final exam of class X in the schools run by the Government was excellent.
Many teachers of the Government schools left the school and joined private schools.

	A.	Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect
	B.	Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect
	C.	Both the statements I and II are independent causes
	D.	Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes
	E.	Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause

Your Answer: Option

Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:

The students of government schools performing well in the examinations and the teachers of government schools leaving their jobs to join private schools are two separate situations that must have been triggered by independent causes.

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Direction (for Q.No. 6):

Each question given below consists of a statement, followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the arguments is a 'strong' argument and which is a 'weak' argument.

Give answer:

(A) If only argument I is strong
(B) If only argument II is strong
(C) If either I or II is strong
(D) If neither I nor II is strong and
(E) If both I and II are strong.

Statement: Should 'computer knowledge' be made a compulsory subject for all the students at secondary school level?

Arguments:

No, our need is 'bread' for everyone, we cannot follow western models.
Yes. We cannot compete in the international market without equipping our children with computers.

	A.	Only argument I is strong
	B.	Only argument II is strong
	C.	Either I or II is strong
	D.	Neither I nor II is strong
	E.	Both I and II are strong

Your Answer: Option

Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:

Nowadays, computers have entered all walks of life and children need to be prepared for the same. So, argument II is strong. Argument I holds no relevance.

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Direction (for Q.No. 7):

Each question given below consists of a statement, followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the arguments is a 'strong' argument and which is a 'weak' argument.

Give answer:

(A) If only argument I is strong
(B) If only argument II is strong
(C) If either I or II is strong
(D) If neither I nor II is strong and
(E) If both I and II are strong.

Statement: Is buying things on instalments profitable to the customer?

Arguments:

Yes. He has to pay less.
No, paying instalments upsets the family budget.

	A.	Only argument I is strong
	B.	Only argument II is strong
	C.	Either I or II is strong
	D.	Neither I nor II is strong
	E.	Both I and II are strong

Your Answer: Option

Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:

In buying things on instalments, a customer has to pay more as the interest is also included. So, argument I does not hold. Moreover, one who buys an item on instalments maintains his future budget accordingly as he is well acquainted with when and how much he has to pay, beforehand. So, argument II is also not valid.

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Direction (for Q.No. 8):

Find the word that names a necessary part of the underlined word.

dimension

	A.	compass
	B.	ruler
	C.	inch
	D.	measure

Your Answer: Option

Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:

A dimension is a measure of spatial content. A compass (choice a) and ruler (choice b) may help determine the dimension, but other instruments may also be used, so these are not the essential element here. An inch (choice c) is only one way to determine a dimension.

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Direction (for Q.No. 9):

Each question given below consists of a statement, followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the arguments is a 'strong' argument and which is a 'weak' argument.

Give answer:

(A) If only argument I is strong
(B) If only argument II is strong
(C) If either I or II is strong
(D) If neither I nor II is strong and
(E) If both I and II are strong.

Statement: Should income tax be abolished in India?

Arguments:

Yes. It is an unnecessary burden on the wage earners.
No. It is a good source of revenue.

	A.	Only argument I is strong
	B.	Only argument II is strong
	C.	Either I or II is strong
	D.	Neither I nor II is strong
	E.	Both I and II are strong

Your Answer: Option

Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:

Income -tax is levied so that every citizen can contribute a share of his earning towards the infrastructural development of the nation. So, argument I seems to be vague. However, income-tax is no doubt a good source of revenue for the government. Hence, argument II holds strong.

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Direction (for Q.No. 10):

In each question below is given a statement followed by two assumptions numbered I and II. You have to consider the statement and the following assumptions and decide which of the assumptions is implicit in the statement.

Give answer

(A) If only assumption I is implicit
(B) If only assumption II is implicit
(C) If either I or II is implicit
(D) If neither I nor II is implicit
(E) If both I and II are implicit.

10.

Statement: His recent investment in the shares of Company A is only a gamble.

Assumptions:

He may incur loss on his investment.
He may gain from his investment.

	A.	Only assumption I is implicit
	B.	Only assumption II is implicit
	C.	Either I or II is implicit
	D.	Neither I nor II is implicit
	E.	Both I and II are implicit

Your Answer: Option

Correct Answer: Option C

Explanation:

The use of the world 'gamble' indicates that he may either gain or lose in the deal.

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Direction (for Q.No. 11):

Each question given below consists of a statement, followed by two arguments numbered I and II. You have to decide which of the arguments is a 'strong' argument and which is a 'weak' argument.

Give answer:

(A) If only argument I is strong
(B) If only argument II is strong
(C) If either I or II is strong
(D) If neither I nor II is strong and
(E) If both I and II are strong.

11.

Statement: Should we scrap the system of formal education beyond graduation?

Arguments:

Yes. It will mean taking employment at an early date.

No. It will mean lack of depth of knowledge.

	A.	Only argument I is strong
	B.	Only argument II is strong
	C.	Either I or II is strong
	D.	Neither I nor II is strong
	E.	Both I and II are strong

Your Answer: Option

Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:

Clearly, argument I is vague because at present too, many fields are open to all after graduation. However, eliminating the post-graduate courses would abolish higher and specialized studies which lead to understanding things better and deeply. So, argument II is valid.

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Direction (for Q.No. 12):

Give answer

(A) If only assumption I is implicit
(B) If only assumption II is implicit
(C) If either I or II is implicit
(D) If neither I nor II is implicit
(E) If both I and II are implicit.

12.

Statement: Please note that the company will provide accommodation to only outside candidates if selected.' - A condition in an advertisement.

Assumptions:

The local candidates would be having some other arrangement for their stay.
The company plans to select only local candidates.

	A.	Only assumption I is implicit
	B.	Only assumption II is implicit
	C.	Either I or II is implicit
	D.	Neither I nor II is implicit
	E.	Both I and II are implicit

Your Answer: Option

Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:

The statement mentions that the company intends to provide accommodation only to outside candidates. This means that local candidates would have to arrange accommodation on their own and that the company may select local as well as outside candidates. Thus, only I is implicit.

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Direction (for Q.No. 13):

Give answer:

(A) If only conclusion I follows
(B) If only conclusion II follows
(C) If either I or II follows
(D) If neither I nor II follows and
(E) If both I and II follow.

13.

Statements: The standard of education in private schools is much better than Municipal and Zila Parishad-run schools.

Conclusions:

The Municipal and Zila Pariskad should make serious efforts to improve standard of their schools.
All Municipal and Zila Parishad schools should be closed immediately.

	A.	Only conclusion I follows
	B.	Only conclusion II follows
	C.	Either I or II follows
	D.	Neither I nor II follows
	E.	Both I and II follow

Your Answer: Option

Correct Answer: Option A

Explanation:

Clearly, the solution to the problem is not to close down the Municipal and Zila Parishad-run schools but to strive to improve the standard of education of these schools. So, only I follows while II does not.

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Direction (for Q.No. 14):

Give answer

(A) If only I follows
(B) If only II follows
(C) If either I or II follows
(D) If neither I nor II follows
(E) If both I and II follow.

14.

Statement: As many as ten coaches of a passenger train have derailed and blocked both pairs of the railway tracks.

Courses of Action:

The railway authorities should immediately send men and equipment to the spot to clear the railway tracks.

All the trains running in both the directions should be diverted to other routes.

	A.	Only I follows
	B.	Only II follows
	C.	Either I or II follows
	D.	Neither I nor II follows
	E.	Both I and II follow

Your Answer: Option

Correct Answer: Option E

Explanation:

The situation demands first diverting other trains to different routes so as to avert any accident, and then clearing the tracks as soon as possible. Thus, both the courses follow.

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Direction (for Q.No. 15):

Give answer:

(A) If only conclusion I follows
(B) If only conclusion II follows
(C) If either I or II follows
(D) If neither I nor II follows and
(E) If both I and II follow.

15.

Statements: All young scientists are open-minded. No open-minded men are superstitious.

Conclusions:

1.No scientist is superstitious.

2.No young people are superstitious.

	A.	Only conclusion I follows
	B.	Only conclusion II follows
	C.	Either I or II follows
	D.	Neither I nor II follows
	E.	Both I and II follow

Your Answer: Option

Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:

The subject in both the conclusions is vague. The true conclusion is 'No young scientist is superstitious'. Thus, neither I nor II follows,

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Direction (for Q.No. 16):

In each of the following questions, three statements are given followed by four conclusions numbered I, II, III and TV. You have to take the given statements to be true even if they seem to be at variance with commonly known facts and then decide which of the given conclusions logically follows from the given statements disregarding commonly known facts.

16.

Statements: All doors are roads. No road is fruit. Some flowers are doors.

Conclusions:

Some fruits are doors.

Some fruits are flowers

Some roads are flowers.

No fruit is flower.

	A.	Only either II or III, and IV follow B. C. D. E.
	B.	Only either II or IV, and III follow
	C.	Only either II or IV, and I follow
	D.	Only either II or IV follows
	E.	All follow

Your Answer: Option

Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:

All doors are roads. No road is fruit.

Since both the premises are universal and one premise is negative, the conclusion must be universal negative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'No door is fruit.'

Some flowers are doors. All doors are roads.

Since one premise is particular, the conclusion must be particular and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'Some flowers are roads'. Ill is the converse of this conclusion and so it holds.

Some flowers are roads. No road is fruit.

Since one premise is particular and the other negative, the conclusion must be particular negative and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'Some flowers are not fruits'. II and IV involve the extreme terms and form a complementary pair. Thus, either II or IV follows.

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Direction (for Q.No. 17):

(A) If statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect;
(B) If statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect;
(C) If both the statements I and II are independent causes;
(D) If both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes; and
(E) If both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause.

17.

Police resorted to lathi-charge to disperse the unlawful gathering of large number of people.
The citizens' forum called a general strike in protest against the police atrocities.

	A.	Statement I is the cause and statement II is its effect
	B.	Statement II is the cause and statement I is its effect
	C.	Both the statements I and II are independent causes
	D.	Both the statements I and II are effects of independent causes
	E.	Both the statements I and II are effects of some common cause

Your Answer: Option

Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:

Clearly, the people's mass protest against the police might have instigated the latter to indulge in lathi-charge to disperse the mob.

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Direction (for Q.No. 18):

Give answer

(A) If only assumption I is implicit
(B) If only assumption II is implicit
(C) If either I or II is implicit
(D) If neither I nor II is implicit
(E) If both I and II are implicit.

18.

Statement: "This drink can be had either as it is, or after adding ice to it." - An advertisement.

Assumptions:

People differ in their preferences.
Some people will get attracted to the drink as it can be had as it is.

	A.	Only assumption I is implicit
	B.	Only assumption II is implicit
	C.	Either I or II is implicit
	D.	Neither I nor II is implicit
	E.	Both I and II are implicit

Your Answer: Option

Correct Answer: Option E

Explanation:

The advertisement tells the different ways in which the drink can be had. This means that different people prefer to have it in a different way and that some people would prefer it only because it can be taken in a particular manner. So, both I and II are implicit.

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Direction (for Q.No. 19):

Give answer

(A) If only assumption I is implicit
(B) If only assumption II is implicit
(C) If either I or II is implicit
(D) If neither I nor II is implicit
(E) If both I and II are implicit.

19.

Statement: "The bridge was built at the cost of Rs. 128 crores and even civil bus service is not utilizing it, what a pity to see it grossly underutilized." - A citizen's view on a new flyover linking east and west sides of a suburb.

Assumptions:

The building of such bridges does not serve any public objective.
There has to be some accountability and utility of money spent on public projects.

	A.	Only assumption I is implicit
	B.	Only assumption II is implicit
	C.	Either I or II is implicit
	D.	Neither I nor II is implicit
	E.	Both I and II are implicit

Your Answer: Option

Correct Answer: Option B

Explanation:

Clearly, the statement expresses grave concern over a newly-built flyover not being utilized by public. This implies that such projects need to be taken up only after working out their utility and that the huge expenditure incurred on building such structures is worthwhile only if they prove useful for the public. Thus, only II is implicit.

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Direction (for Q.No. 20):

20.

Statements: All benches are desks. Some desks are roads. All roads are pillars.

Conclusions:

Some pillars are benches.

Some pillars are desks.

Some roads are benches.

No pillar is bench.

	A.	None follows
	B.	Only either I or IV, and III follow
	C.	Only either I or IV follows
	D.	Only either I or IV, and II follow
	E.	All follow

Your Answer: Option

Correct Answer: Option D

Explanation:

All benches are desks. Some desks are roads.

Since the middle term 'desks' is not distributed even once in the premises, no definite conclusion follows.

Some desks are roads. All roads are pillars.

Since one premise is particular, the conclusion must be particular and should not contain the middle term. So, it follows that 'Some desks are pillars'. II is the converse of this conclusion and so it holds.

All benches are desks. Some desks are pillars.

Since the middle term 'desks' is not distributed even once in the premises, no definite conclusion follows. However, I and IV involve the extreme terms and form a complementary pair. So, either I or IV follows.

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